If the relationship is red enough that the "romantic interest" has changed to "disliked" it might consider the romance gone. You could check their panel under the sim information, where the memories and stuff are, it should tell you what the reputation and active romances and romance history are. If they can still "confess to cheating" then it's likely still active.
As for how it happened, the romance socials can start a romance if one of them confessed attraction even if they did not kiss. Also, if a sim is inappropriate there is a chance they will autonomously kiss other sims, and that will turn the sim that was kissed into a romantic interest if it was not rejected. If neither sim is inappropriate then you don't need to worry about that, however.
Unfortunately, even a very high relationship between sims will not automatically rule out them cheating if left to their own devices, especially if they have the flirty or hopeless romantic traits. The former will autonomously flirt with sims they find attractive even if they're happy in a relationship (I had a happily married flirty sim once hit on the grim reaper in front of her husband who she was full green with, right after Grim took her father) and hopeless romantics will sometimes be flirty and will often be receptive to other sims' advances even if they're in otherwise happy relationships.