Let me just say I am loving this expansion. Vampires totally rock. Anyway...
I befriended the first vampire I saw and she turned me. (Elmyra Slayer, I think.) After 2-3 sim days, my sim became a vampire, complete with red and black swirling bats flying around me. It took me by total surprise, so I didn't get a screenshot. Sorry. You can also turn others to vamps as soon as you transform.
I found out that vampires can eat in three ways: feed on another sim, eat a plasma fruit, or drink plasma box (think a juice box with blood in it, stored in the fridge). The plasma fruit is considered a special fruit, you need level 7 gardening to grow it, but you can buy it from the grocery store. \
Vampires have the ability to hunt for sims they can feed from if they are on a lot with other sims. The sims being hunted glow (think night-vision goggles) and after that they are tagged on the map for 24 hours.
Here is my sim eating a plasma fruit. Note the strange eyes and pointy teeth:
Vampires get a negative moodlet from staying out in the sun too long: they also start to spark and smoke like they are on fire. After three hours, if they don't go indoors, they pass out and get a negative moodlet for two days.
And they do die. My sim happened to watch William Fangmann die in his house and there is a new type of ghost. I did manage to get a screenshot of it...
I think William must be unlucky, though. Death refused to take him.
Back to play more. Hope this helps some!